"Centrolene" medemi

"Centrolene" medemi
Conservation status
Endangered  (IUCN 3.1) [1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Amphibia
Order:	Anura
Family:	Centrolenidae
Genus:	"Centrolene"
Species:	"C." medemi
Binomial name
"Centrolene" medemi (Cochran and Goin, 1970)
Synonyms [2]
Centrolenella medemiCochran and Goin, 1970 [3] Centrolene medemi(Cochran and Goin, 1970)

"Centrolene" medemi is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. The species occurs in the Cordillera Oriental in the Tolima, Caquetá, and Putumayo Departments in Colombia and adjacent Napo in Ecuador. ^{[2] [4] [5]} The generic placement of this species within the subfamily Centroleninae is uncertain ( incertae sedis ). ^{[2] [6]} The specific name medemi honors Fred Medem, collector of the holotype. ^[3] Common name Medem giant glass frog has been coined for it. ^[2]

Description

Adult males measure 26–31 mm (1.0–1.2 in) and adult females 35–44 mm (1.4–1.7 in) in snout–vent length. ^{[5] [7]} The snout is rounded in dorsal profile and truncated to slightly protruding when viewed laterally. The tympanum is indistinct and partly covered by the supra-tympanic fold. The fingers have absent to extensive webbing (from inner to outer fingers). The toes are extensively webbed. ^[5] The dorsal surfaces of head, body, and limbs are olive green to grayish brown and bear large cream spots. The ventral parietal peritoneum is white. Adult males have a large humeral spine. The pre-pollical spine is not separated from the first finger. The iris is grayish brown and has dark reticulation. ^[7]

Habitat and conservation

This species lives on streamsides in montane cloud forests ^{[1] [5]} at elevations of 790–1,800 m (2,590–5,910 ft) above sea level. ^[5] It also occurs in secondary forest, as long as there is good vegetation cover close to streams. The eggs are laid on leaves overhanging the water. ^[1]

It is locally common in Colombia, but only one specimen, collected in 1975, is known from Ecuador. ^{[1] [5]} The specific threats are poorly known but probably include habitat loss, introduction alien predatory fishes, and pollution from the spraying of illegal crops. Chytridiomycosis might also be a threat. ^[1]

References

1. IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2019). "Centrolene medemi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T54926A49364088. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T54926A49364088.en . Retrieved 17 November 2021.
2. Frost, Darrel R. (2017). ""Centrolene" medemi (Cochran and Goin, 1970)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 11 February 2018.
3. Cochran, Doris M. & Goin, Coleman J. (1970). "Frogs of Colombia". Bulletin of the United States National Museum. 288: 1–678. doi:10.5962/bhl.part.6346. (Centrolenella medemi: p. 511–513)
4. Acosta Galvis, A. R. & Cuentas, D. (2017). "Centrolene medemi (Cochran & Goin, 1970)". Lista de los Anfibios de Colombia V.07.2017.0. www.batrachia.com. Archived from the original on 12 February 2018. Retrieved 11 February 2018.
5. Ortiz, D.A.; et al. (2011–2016). Ron, S. R.; Yanez-Muñoz, M. H.; Merino-Viteri, A.; Ortiz, D. A. (eds.). "Centrolene medemi". AmphibiaWebEcuador. Version 2018.0. Museo de Zoología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ). Retrieved 11 February 2018.
6. Guayasamin, J. M.; Castroviejo-Fisher, S.; Trueb, L.; Ayarzagüena, J.; Rada, M. & Vilà, C. (2009). "Phylogenetic systematics of glassfrogs (Amphibia: Centrolenidae) and their sister taxon Allophryne ruthveni". Zootaxa. 2100: 1–97. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2100.1.1. hdl: 1808/13694 . S2CID   86257528.
7. Guayasamin, Juan M.; Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F.; Yánez-Muñoz, Mario & Bustamante, Martín (2006). "Amphibia, Centrolenidae, Centrolene ilex, Centrolene litorale, Centrolene medemi, Cochranella albomaculata, Cochranella ametarsia: range extensions and new country records". Check List. 2 (1): 24–25, 23–26. doi: 10.15560/2.1.70 .